Ancient Empire in the Greek-Roman Period

Ancient Egyptian Empire in the Roman Period

Alexander Begins a New Era

The Greek-Roman Empire in the heart of the sea north of the Danube the Atlantic Ocean to the west the desert to the south In 334 BC Alexander marched east to fight the Persian Empire The Greek-Roman influence on Egypt was indelible in its short time Ancient culture and the spread of Greek ideology to the capital city began to be built by the Greek-Roman Empire Alexander's Egyptian History Alexander's generals including Ptolemy divided the land and army into Greeks and made Alexander the ruler of Egypt. The ancient Egyptians saw Alexander as the liberator of Persian control

The Statue Fragment of Cleopatra VII is a blend of ancient Egyptian and Greek artistic styles. Made of dark stone the statue dates back to between 69 and 30 BC the period when Cleopatra ruled Egypt. It is currently on display at the Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto Canada.

Alexander accepted Egyptian religion by linking the oracle of Amun in the Siwa oasis with Egyptian gods and gods in the Greek pantheon After Alexander the Great conquered Egypt and declared himself Pharaoh Egypt was ruled by the Ptolemaic dynasty a Macedonian dynasty. Alexander founded the city of Alexandria before his death divided the territory that became a monument and established a lighthouse settlement expanded the agricultural area. Alexandria was built as a new center of Greek-Roman Egypt. Ancient Egyptian civilization continued under the Ptolemaic dynasty of Greek descent who ruled Egypt until 30 BC until it was ruled by Cleopatra.

The painting "The Death of Cleopatra" or "Cleopatra" was created by the Filipino artist Juan Luna in 1881. It is currently displayed at the Museo Nacional del Prado in Madrid Spain. This oil painting on canvas won the Silver Medal at the 1881 Madrid art exhibition.

Cleopatra VII of the Ptolemaic Dynasty

the world's oldest civilization began to emerge around 3,150 BC. The unification of northern and southern Egypt by the first Pharaoh Narmer of Egypt It was during the New Kingdom that ancient Egyptian civilization reached its peak ruling most of Nubia before the Nubian civilization began to disappear from Egypt Ancient Egypt during the Roman period under Queen Cleopatra of the Ptolemaic Dynasty the Greeks until they were conquered and integrated into the civilization After Cleopatra's death the Romans re-entered and re-occupied Egyptian lands and used the people as farmers to feed their Egyptian and Roman soldiers. 

A marble bust of Cleopatra VII is on display at the Altes Museum in Berlin. This bust preserved in the ancient art collection is one of the oldest believed to be a likeness of the last queen of ancient Egypt.

The combined Egyptian and Roman civilization began to decline under Roman rule in 384 AD. Emperor Theodosius of Rome converted the empire to Christianity The Ptolemaic dynasty established connections and built ports as trading points in the southern Red Sea region of India taking advantage of the agricultural wealth and expanding the area Temples of the Egyptian gods In the 2nd and 3rd centuries Christianity became more popular in Egypt and the Egyptians relationship with the Greek and Roman priests began to decline 

This is an excerpt from the oil painting "Cleopatra Testing Poisons on Condemned Prisoners" created by the French artist Alexandre Cabanel in 1887.

The decline of the Ancient Egyptian Empire between 1550 and 1069 BC To take advantage of the expansion of the territory many of the main settlements in the Nile Delta and Memphis disappeared becoming export trading points The last rulers of the Ptolemy dynasty were Cleopatra VII and Mark Antony The Ptolemy dynasty supported the Egyptian temples and preserved the central territory and monuments very well. The temples of the Egyptian gods mostly Greek-Roman architecture in Egypt were built during the Ptolemaic dynasty Cleopatra VII of the Ptolemaic dynasty During the last Greek-Roman rule Egypt's occupation was expanded abroad.